Machine for making hollow glassware.



PATENTED JANQSI, 1905.

G. A. MARSH. MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOWGLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 8. 1904.

Z SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 781,539. P-A'TENTB-D JAN. 31, 1905 G. A. MARSH. MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 8. 1904- f 6 W W W 7? v/ 0 J v M A k 7 vimin I UNITED STATEs Patented January 31, 1905.

PATENT GEORGE A. MARSH, QF SANDUSKY, OHIO.

MACHlNE FQR MAKENG HQLLOW GLASEEWARE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 781,539, dated January 81, 1905. Application filed February 8, 190 1. Sen'al No. 192,596.

T0 (LZZ whom, it 77mg concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE A. Mnnsn, a c itizen of'the United States, residingat Sandusky,

.in the county of Erie and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Machines for Making Hollowv Glassware, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in machines for the manufacture of hollow glassware, and pertains to that type of machines in which a mold is charged with molten or plastic glass, the charge being pressed to form a part of the article, after which the charge is blown to its final shape.

The invention forming the subject-matter of this application provides means for charging the mold directly from a receptacle ,containing molten or plastic glass by means of air or fluid pressure in excess of that of the atmosphere, which forces a charge of molten glass from the receptacle into the mold, the

.- glass taken into the mold charge being held in the mold and pressed to form a part'of the article, the partly-shaped charge being subsequently blown to complete the article.

The invention also includes means for separating the partly-shaped charge from the mold prior to blowing.

The apparatus or machine comprises means whereby a mold having either a matrix or matrices is placed in and charged with molten a sufiicient quantity of molten glass being forced into the matrix or matrices of the mold from the receptacle by on the surface of the molten glass, such pressurebeing in excess of that of the atmosphere, and in mechanically pressing the charge to form a part of the article, after which the charge is partially separated from the mold by air-pressure on the exterior of apart of the. charge, after which the article is blown to completion, as will be hereinafter set forth and claimed.

in carrying the invention forming the subject-matter of this application into use I employ a partible mold having a matrix or ma rices, a closure for the receptacle from which the, mold is charged, a support in the mold for the char e. air-ducts in the mold and its from a receptacle,

pressure exerted support for supplying air under compression to the receptacle and to the mold and to permit the air to escape from the mold. In the several steps employed in the manufacture of a hollow article of air under compression is used, and no attempt is made to handie or move the molten glass by rarefied air or a vacuum. I

My invention, though adapted to the manufacture of many forms of hollow glassware, is particularly intended to be used in the manufacture of bottles, and goods of a similar character.

In the accompam'ing drawings, which illus trate my invention, Figure 1 tion of the mold, the support for the l iuhl, the closure for a receptacle for molten 'l ass, the receptacle from which themold is ch: god being shown in section. Fig. 2 is a sec tional view of the mold, its support, and the coveror closure for the receptacle or tank for molten glass. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the parts shown by Fig. 1. F l, and 6 are detail views of the mold-support. Figs. Tand 8 are detail views of a part of the closure for the receptacle for the molten glass. 9, 10, and 11 are sectional views of the mold. Fig. 12 is an inverted plan view of the mold. and Fig. 13 is a plan view showing the moldscctions separated.

Referring to the drawings, A designates a rcceptaclefor molten or plastic glass. the receptncle in practice being moved near or into a glass-furnace to receive its charge from the same, and its movement from the furnace is arrested, so the receptacle will be in a position to admit the mold being lowered therein. the receptacle being closed by a frame and wings carried by the mold.

The mold. B is made up of two side sections having cavities to form the matrix or matrices, registering recesses to provide vcntiducts, and air-passages Z), extending from the matrices of the mold and through the trunnions or bearings B of one of the side sections of the mold. The sections of the mold have recesses which retain. when the mold-sections therethrough of the stems of followers 1%,

the heads onthe stems being of less diameter than the diameter of the matrices, The bottom or plate B to which the mold-bottoms are attached, is provided witha plate B, which is maintained in reciprocal engagement therewith,the plate having-projections or lugs b for engagement with the lower end of the follower B" to hold the same near the charging end of the matrix. The stems of the followers are provided with flanges so positioned as to provide a space in which the lugs b may enter. The upper flange enters a recess in the outer portion of the mold-bottom B andthe aperture through the mold-bottom is of such size as'to prevent other than a reciprocatory movement of the stem. therein. The head of the follower is of slightly less diameter than the matrix and its upper face conforms to the shape of the bottom of the article which is formed in the matrix. The sliding plate B has a slot forenga'gement with a screw or stop for limiting the sliding movement of the plate, and this plate is also provided with projections If for operating the slide. The follower is engaged when the lugs are out of engagement with the recess, and the follower is partially lowered by an arm C, connected with suitable mechanism which actuates the arm to move the follower to its several positions, Between the matrices one of the mold-sections has attached a bar B, the end thereof being re.- cesseohand the other section is apertured for the passage of'a locking-bar and provided with a bolt 1), which may he slid to engage the recess in the end of the bar B and insure proper registration of the mold-sections when brought together. They are provided with dowels and recesses for said dowels, and exteriorly the mold may have a number of recesses 6, with which the mechanism or means (not shown) for opening or closing the the plate, the open end ot the pipe extending toward the bottom of the mold. The trunnions have rigidly attached thereto near their outer ends gear-wheels which are engaged by rack-bars, said bars being reciprocated from rrsuitablemachinc.

E refers to a yoke havingbearings or boxes lfor'the trunnions B .of the mold, and the lower part of the boxes onhcarings have airpassagcs e, which extend through the yoke and comn'iunicatc with a nipple c, an. site the channels in the hearings were are Vents c such construction permitting the airpassages I." through the trunnions and into munication with the atmosphere or with'an 5 ,F refers to a frame which is carried by the trunnions of the mold and serves as a partial closure for the receptacle A. This frame has segmental portions f f, the part f being constructed to close the mouth or charging-recess of the receptacle A. The other segmental portion extends considerably upward above the horizontal flanges, and in practice the frame and wings carried by the mold-sections will form a complete closure for the receptacle for themiolten glass when the mold and parts connected thereto are lowered in said receptacle.

Grefers to a conduitor pipe having branch pipes g with flexible sections which are connected by pipes with apertures g through the flanges of the framed! for the purposeof admitting to the receptacle when its top has been closed air under pressureto force molten glass from the receptacle into the matrix.

or matrices of the mold.

H refers to an arm or member of the machinewhich carries the mold and its attached parts, and to this arm is secured a cross-bar it, having parallel members 72, with teeth for engagement with the gear-wheels on the-tronnions of the mold. The frame or yoke is reciproeated' on the arm by a rod If, which is properly connected to operating mechanism.

The construction illustrated is designed particularly for the manufacture of bottles, and in connection therewith the blowing-machine has a nozzle 1, which serves the double purpose of pressing the charge to form a part of the article and for blowing the article to'its final shape, the nozzle being carried by the blowing-machinc and connected with an airsupply, so that air under pressure will head.- mittcd after the nozzle has pressed one end of the bottle or other article to shape.

In operation a receptacle, with its charge of molten glass, is moved from its source of supply to a point where the mold can be lowered therein, and when the mold is placed in the receptacle it is in an inverted position, so that its open end will be submerged, the. wings and frame close the receptacle, and air under compression, and in excess of the pressure of the atmosphere is admitted to the receptacle through the pipe G and its connections. The pressure on the surface of the molten glass forces tie same into the matrix of the mold, and while the matrix is being charged'the airpassagos leading into the mold are open to the atmosphere, As soon as thc'mold is charged the reciprocating frame is moved, which turns the mold and brings its open end opposite the segmental portion f of theclosurc for the receptacle, which will sever any molten glass from the opening, and prior to the passage of the mold-opening toward the segmental the matrices of the mold to be placed in corn i portion f air will still act on the charge in by pressing. pressed by the f charge from the sides f ames.

the matrix. When the wings pass the segmental portions of the. receptacle-closure, the receptacle is open to the atmosphere and the parts carried by or connected to the mold are lifted, the mold being turned from an inverted position, so that the charge contained in the 'matrixwill rest upon the head of the fol.- lower. The arm H carries the mold toits proper position beneath the blowing mechanism. Thenozzle is then forced into the charge, which shapes the lip and neck of the bottle After the charge has been insertion of the nozzle into the confined charge of plastic glass in the matrix the follower is lowered a short distance, as

shown in Fig. 10, and air under pressure is admitted to the interior of the mold through the air-passages e of the yoke and 7/ through the trunnions and into the matrices above the mold-bottom, the air under pressure passing around or'between the walls of the matrices, and the head of the followers separates the of the matrices, the air under pressure escaping through the venti- 3- terior of the charge somewhat harder by readucts Z the air on its escape compressing and obliterating the slight head or projection formed on the glass by the recesses which form the air-passages. The admission of air between the mold and charge. tends to cool both the mold and the charge, reni'lering the exson of being cooled than its interior. immediately after they partially-shaped charge has had'its unformed portion subjected to air under compression the follower is lowered to rest upon the mold-bottomB and air is admitted through the nozzle to blow the article to completion, and after being blown the bolt 6 is retracted and the molds are opened to permit said mold-bottoms and their connected parts being lowered with the article thereon.

lt will be noted that with this device-the I mold is charged by air under compression exerted upon a mass of molten glass, and by using air under pressure there is no liability of leakage, as the supply may be considerably in excess of such leakage as may occur between the abutting parts.

to take upconsi from the molten glass, and the operation of forming bottles or hollow glassware can be carried on more rapidly than by the methods now in practice.

This application does not attempt to show themechanism for handling the'mold or operating andcharging the receptacle, as such willform the subject matter of other cases.

.l-laving'thus setiorth my invention, what 'I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. in an apbaratus for forming articles, a mold, a receptacle for molten glass, a closure for the top of the receptacle of which the mold constitutesa part,means for charging the matrix of the mold by exerting hollow glass Air under compression tends. derable of the heat given oli' on the surface of the glass pressure in excess [of that of the atmosphere to force molten l glass from the receptacle upward into the i matrices of the mold and means for completing the article by blowing. i 2. Intheartof forming hollowarticlesfrom molten glass, a mold having a matrix in which the complete article is formed, a receptacle forv molten glass, means for exerting pressure on the surface of the molten glass in the receptacle to force a'charge of molten glass 0 article in the matrix as a part thereof the mold, and means for charging the mold byexerting on the molten glass in the receptacle pressure in excess of that of theatmosphere.

4. Glass-forming mechanism comprising a receptacle for molten glass, a mold, and a closure for the open upper end of the receptacle which includes as apart thereof the mold.

5. In the art of forming hollow glassware, l a receptacle for molten glass, a mold, means for partially filling the mold from the recep tacle, a plunger which is forced v charge to partially shape the same, means for admitting air under-pressurc between a part I of the charge and the mold and means for blowing the partially-shaped charge to final I shape. l I 6. (rrlass-t'ormmg mechanism comprising a receptacle for molten glass, a mold. a closure for the top of the receptacle which includes as a part of the same the mold, means for supplying to the space in the closed receptacle above the molten glass and surrounding the mold air under compression to force a charge of molten glass from the receptacle into the mold, means for forming a part of the article by mechanically pressing the charge, means for scpai'ating from the mold and cooling the partially-formed charge by air uner compression, and means for blowing the charge to completion. I 4

7; 1n the art of forming hollow articles of glass, a mold, means for charging the matrix thereof from a mass of molten glass in a receptacle by pressure on the surface of the glass in excess of that in the matrix when the open end of the mold is placed in the molten glass, and means for completing-the article by blowing to final shape in the same matrix that the charge is gathered.

8. in the art of forming hollow glassware, a mold, a movable tacle for molten glass, means for charging the mold by air-pftssure greater than that of 4 the atmosphere exerted upon the glass in the receptacle when the mold is partially submerged therein, means for raisihg the mold into the upward into the matrix of the mold, andsupport therefor, a rccepfor the top bf the receptacle which includes IIO and turning the same and means for expanding the charge to iinal shape by blowing.

9. In th artof-formingai'ticles from molten glass, a mold, means for charging the mold, means for pressing the charge to shape, means for admitting air under pressure between a part of the charge and themold after.

the charge has been pressed to form a part of the article and means for completing the shape of the article by blowing.

10. In the art of forming articles from molten glass, a mold, means for charging and partially shaping by pressing the charge in the mold and means for circulating air between the partially-shaped charge and the mold.

ten glass and the walls of the cavity which passage leads into the" mold on one side of the head and a passage on the other side of the head for the escape of air from the mold.

13. A mold for forming hollow glassware provided with a matrix in which the article is formedcomplete, means for charging the mold by tillinga portion of the matrix with molten glass, means'for partially shaping the charge by pressing, means for circulating air under pressure between that part of the charge which is blownto shape and the mold, and blowing means. v

14. A niold having an article forming cavity, means for charging the mold with molten glass-and-shaping by pressure a part of the article in the mold, and means for subjecting the exterior of that part of the charge which is subsequently expanded by blowing toa curent of air.

15; A mold for forming hollow articles of glass, comprising separable secti nis,'a diskshaped mold-bottom which is-engaged by the sections, a movable bottom for the matrix, passages for the admission and ,exitot' air in communication with the matrix on opposite sides of the matrix-bottom, for the purpose of circulatingaiubetwcena part of the exterior of the molten glass from which thearticle is formed and the walls of the matrix.

16. in the art of forming hollow articles directlyfrom' molten glass, a mold, a support with which the mold is nminlained in swinging engagement, a receptacle for molt-en glass, a closure for the top of the receptacle which includes the mold, an air supply for charging the space in the receptacle. with air I l I l 'trix that the charge is gathered.

" and a part of I.

under compression, means for turning the mold upon its support, and means for shaping the charge in the mold.

17. In the art of forming hollow articles directlyfrommolten glass, a mold, a receptacle "for molten glass, means for producing on the molten glass in the receptacle pressure in excess of the pressure of the atmosphere to charge the mold by forcing molten glass upward into the mold when the open end ,of the mold is-submerged therein, and air-passages from the interior of the mold to the atmosphere.

18. A receptacle for molten glass, a mold,

a closure for the receptacle which includes as apart thereof the'mold, a mold-support and means for turning the mold upon its support independent of the other part of the closure.

19. A'longitudinally-partible mold one of the side sections thereof having journals, means for holding the sections in engagement, air-passages through the journals which enter near one end of the'matrix of the mold and air-passages near the opposite end of the. matrix, substantially as shown.- .7

20. 1n the art .of making hollow glassware, a longitudinally-separable mold in which the complete article is formed, means for charg- V ing the mold with molten glass, a'follower for holdingthe eharg'ein the mold, a plungernozzle for pressing the charge to partial shape, means for releasing theyfojllower, pas- J sages for admitting air under pressure between the artially-shaped charge and the wall of the natrix of the mold and means for blow-ing the article to completion in the mold. 521. Glass-forming mechanism comprising a receptacle for molten glass having an open topv, a mold, a closure for the receptacle which includcsas a part'thereof reopen-ended mold,

' means for charging the mold-by pressure upon the surface of the molten glass in thereceptacle and surrounding the mold andmeans for shaping the charge to completion: within the mold. I I 22. In the art of forming llOl-lO-W articles of glass, a separablermold, a receptacle for 1101- ten glass, a closure for the open end of the IEO- receptacle' which includes as a part thereof' the mold, means for admitting air under compression upon: the surface of the molten glass when the mold is partiallysubmerged therein to charge the niatrix of the mold, a' follower within the matrix and means for shap ing the charge to final shape in the same ma- 23'. In the art of forming hollow articles from molten glass, a mold in which the complete article is formed, means for charging the mold with molten glass, meansfor pressing the charge to format part of the article,- means for admitting air under pressure between a part of the partially-shaped charge mold, and means; for com= pleting the ar icle by blowing. x l

24. In the art of forming hollow glassware,

'a separable mold,a movable bottom or fbllower therefor, means for gathering a predetermined quantity of molten gla'ss in the mold between its open end and the follower, a plunger-nozzle for pressing the charge to partial shape, means for releasing the follower after the charge has been pressed and .meansfor expanding the glass in the mold in which it is gathered to complete shape.

25. In an apparatusfor-manufacturing hollow glassware, a receptacle for molten glass, a mold having therein a movable member for changing the'capacity thereof. and holding the chargewhich is received therein, aplungernozzle forpressing the mold-contained charge to partial shape. means for releasing the movable member of the mold and then blowing the charge to final shape.

26. In an apparatus for manufacturing hollow glassware, a separable gathering-mold which is divisable longitudinally and provided 7 at one end with a contracted opening, means for charging the closed moldwith molten glass through the contracted opening, means-for holding the charge in the open and contracted end, a plunger insertible into the charge in the mold to partially shape 1 the article, means for releasing the partiallyshaped charge and blowing the same to final shape.

27. In an apparatus for manufacturing hollow glassware, a unitary gathering and shaping mold provided with amatr-ix having a contracted opening at one end, means for partially filling the matrix of the mold through mold adjacent to its! its contracted end with molten glass, means -1or primarily pressing the charge against the while in the matrix to form a part of the article and'blowingthe charge after pressing to final shape.

'29. In an apparatus for manufacturing hollow glassware, a separable gathering and shaping mold having a matrix with a contracted open end, means movable within the matrix to divide the same and provide means for limiting the quantity of the charging the matrix through its'op'en end with molten glass, a plunger insertible into,

lh'e charge to press the charge while confined near the open end of the matrix and means or expanding a portion of the charge by blowing to complete the artic e.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

, GEORGE A. MARSH.

Witnesses:

FRANK S. APPLEMAN, EUGENE W. J onnson.

charge, means for 

